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Purple Pitcher Plant |
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Sarracenia purpurea |
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Sarracenia purpurea
Blooming |
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Family:
Sarraceniacae Genus: Sarracenia Common Name :
Purple pitcher plant / northern pitcher plant; French, Sarracene
pourpre. Origin: North America (northern part of the
continent, Atlantic coastal region, south through
Florida).
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Habitat: Marshy areas are its best known
habitat. |
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Description: The
leaves range from 4 to 12 inches long, narrow at the base giving way
to a bulbous middle which constricts at the top to form a narrow
opening. Above the
opening, the leaf widens to form a somewhat horseshoe or heart
shaped surface, which is generally ruffled around the edges. The
upper surface of the leaf is covered by hundreds of downward
pointing hairs which direct the prey into the pitcher. The prey is usually
attracted by nectar which is produced at the lip of the narrow
section of the trap. The prey may also be attracted by the color of
the plant. Once the
prey is inside, the plant absorbs its nutrients through digestive
glands at the bottom of the pitcher.
The flowers are borne on 12 to 16 inch stalks which
generally appear early in the spring before the new leaves begin to
appear. As with all Sarracenia, the corolla is made up
of 5 oval, very large petals, sunk inwards at the ends which are
numerous stamens, each composed of a short filament terminating in a
simple rounded anther. The ovary is almost spherical and is
surmounted by a short cylindrical style, self topped by a shield in
the shape of a five-cornered umbrella covering the stamens.
Underneath the ends of each of these corners is a stigma. The
fruit is a capsule of five compartments, which hold the tiny
seeds. When the seed matures it should be collected,
dried and stored through the winter. In the spring sew
them directly on wet peat, maintain high humidity and temperature of
at least 60 degrees. |
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Cultivation: The plants prefer an acidic
medium such as sphagnum or peat moss, but will tolerate alkaline
soils. The soil must be
kept moist at all times during the growing period. Reduce the amount of water
in the winter months, but do not allow the soil to dry out. Rain water should be used if
possible. If you must
use chlorinated water, allow it to sit out for 48 hours before
use. Plants are usually
difficult to grow indoors
because they require large amounts of sunlight, which gives
them their desirable red color. |
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Prey: The pitcher
plant’s prey is generally flying insects, flies, bees and
wasps. |
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Pest and
Diseases: Aphids and Fungi are
the two major problems associated with Sarracenia purpurea. Any insect problem can be
eliminated by treatment with Orthene, a product of Ortho, which can be
purchased through your local garden center. Fungi problems can be
eliminated by treating the plant with Daconil
2787. In the U.S., these
Sarracenia are attacked by the caterpillars of three species of
butterfly of the Exyra genus.
The caterpillar bores into the tuberous portion of the plant,
eating it from the inside out. |
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